International

Abolitionist and Retentionist Countries

Information accurate as of December 31, 2025, courtesy of Amnesty International.

TYPE OF COUNTRYNUMBER
Abolitionist
for all Crimes
113
Abolitionist for ordinary
crimes only
9
Abolitionist in practice23
Total abolitionist in law or
practice
145
Retentionist countries54

Abolitionist for All Crimes

Countries whose laws do not provide for the death penalty for any crime

ALBANIAGERMANYPALAU
ANDORRAGREECEPANAMA
ANGOLAGUINEAPAPUA NEW GUINEA
ARGENTINAGUINEA-BISSAUPARAGUAY
ARMENIAHAITIPHILIPPINES
AUSTRALIAHONDURASPOLAND
AUSTRIAHUNGARYPORTUGAL
AZERBAIJANICELANDROMANIA
BELGIUMIRELANDRWANDA
BENINITALYSAMOA
BHUTANKAZAKHSTANSAN MARINO
BOLIVIAKIRIBATISAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINAKOSOVOSENEGAL
BULGARIAKYRGYZSTANSERBIA
BURUNDILATVIASEYCHELLES
CABO VERDELIECHTENSTEINSIERRA LEONE
CAMBODIALITHUANIASLOVAKIA
CANADALUXEMBOURGSLOVENIA
CHADMADAGASCARSOLOMON ISLANDS
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLICMALTASOUTH AFRICA
COLOMBIAMARSHALL ISLANDSSPAIN
CONGOMAURITIUSSURINAME
COOK ISLANDSMEXICOSWEDEN
COSTA RICAMICRONESIASWITZERLAND
COTE D’IVOIREMOLDOVATIMOR-LESTE
CROATIAMONACOTOGO
CYPRUSMONGOLIATURIKYE
CZECH REPUBLICMONTENEGROTURKMENISTAN
DENMARKMOZAMBIQUETUVALU
DJIBOUTINAMIBIAUKRAINE
DOMINICAN REPUBLICNAURUUNITED KINGDOM
ECUADORNEPALURUGUAY
ESTONIANETHERLANDSUZBEKISTAN
FIJINEW ZEALANDVANUATU
FINLANDNICARAGUAVATICAN CITY
FRANCENIUEVENEZUELA
GABONNORTH MACEDONIAZAMBIA
GEORGIANORWAY

Abolitionist for “Ordinary Crimes” Only

Countries whose laws provide for the death penalty only for exceptional crimes such as crimes under military law or crimes committed in exceptional circumstances

BRAZILEL SALVADORISRAEL
BURKINA FASOEQUATORIAL GUINEAPERU
CHILEGUATEMALAZIMBABWE

Abolitionist in Practice

Countries which retain the death penalty for ordinary crimes such as murder but can be considered abolitionist in practice in that they have not executed anyone during the past 10 years and are believed to have a policy or established practice of not carrying out executions. The list also includes countries which have made an international commitment not to use the death penalty

ALGERIALAOSRUSSIA
BRUNEI DARUSSALAMLIBERIASOUTH KOREA
CAMEROONMALAWISRI LANKA
ERITREAMALDIVESTAJIKISTAN
ESWATINIMALITANZANIA
GHANAMAURITANIATONGA
GRENADAMOROCCO/WESTERN SAHARATUNISIA
KENYANIGER

Retentionist Countries

Countries which retain the death penalty for ordinary crimes

AFGHANISTANINDIAQATAR
ANTIGUA AND BARBUDAINDONESIASAINT KITTS & NEVIS
BAHAMASIRANSAINT LUCIA
BAHRAINIRAQSAINT VINCENT & GRENADINES
BANGLADESHJAMAICASAUDI ARABIA
BARBADOSJAPANSINGAPORE
BELARUSJORDANSOMALIA
BELIZEKUWAITSOUTH SUDAN
BOTSWANALEBANONSUDAN
CHINALESOTHOSYRIA
COMOROSLIBYATAIWAN
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGOMALAYSIATHAILAND
CUBAMYANMARTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
DOMINICANIGERIAUGANDA
EGYPTNORTH KOREAUNITED ARAB EMIRATES
ETHIOPIAOMANUNITED STATES OF AMERICA
GAMBIAPAKISTANVIETNAM
GUYANAPALESTINE (State of)YEMEN